Abduction – movement of a body part away from the central axis of the body
AC – acromioclavicular joint
ACL – anterior cruciate ligament
Adduction – movement of a body part towards the central axis of the body
Adhesive capsulitis-frozen shoulder – wrinkling of the joint capsule leading to pain and limited range of motion
Algia – pain
Antalgic position – relief position
Arthroscopy – joint surgery in which optics are inserted
Arthrosis – worsening degenerative joint disease
Blockade – sudden restriction of movement in a joint due to pathological structural, intra-articular changes.
Bursa – a small sac in the area of the joints and tendons that reduces friction
Bursitis – inflammation of the bursa
Central nervous system (CNS) – main nervous system (brain+spinal cord)
Cervical
Clavicula – collarbone
Cranium – skull
Distortion – dislocation, sprain
Extension – straightening a body part
Fascia – connective tissue forming the covering of all structures
Phasic muscles – ensure the movement of the body in space
Femur – thigh bone
Flexion – bending of a body part
Fracture – a break in the integrity of a bone
Gonarthrosis – knee osteoarthritis – degenerative knee disease
Disc herniation – bulging of the intervertebral disc without breaking the outer layer
Humerus – shoulder bone
Hypertonus – increased muscle tension
Hypermobilita – zväčšená ohybnosť
ADHD – Attention Deficit Disorder
ADD – attention deficit disorder
Asperger’s syndrome – a congenital neuropsychiatric disorder similar to autism
LMD – mild cerebral dysfunction
Hypotonus – decreased muscle tension
Impingement syndrome – irritation to inflammation of the bursa
Joint – a movable connection between two bones that allows movement, on one side is the head of the bone and on the other side is the joint socket
Joint capsule – Surrounds the entire joint, has 2 layers, the inner one produces synovial fluid
Coxarthrosis – arthrosis of the hip joint,
Kyphosis – a natural backward curvature of the spine
Lateral – facing outward, external
Latero – flexion – bow
LCL – lateral collateral ligament
Lesion – damage to any part
Ligamentum – tendon; a strong, inelastic structure that connects muscle and bone or bone and bone
Lordosis – natural forward curvature of the spine
Lumbalgia – pain in the lower back
Lumbar – lumbar
Luxoration – a condition in which the joint head is forced out of the socket.
Mandible – jaw
Manipulation – a manual impact maneuver to remove joint blockage, thereby restoring limited joint mobility.
MCL – medial collateral ligament
Medial – facing inward
Menisectomy – surgical removal of the meniscus
Menisectomy parcialis – partial removal of the meniscus
Meniscus – Cartilaginous structure located between the joint surfaces that absorbs shocks and smooths the surface
MM – medial meniscus
Mobilization – a maneuver similar to manipulation, but performed more gently, in a repetitive manner, without a shock impulse.
Myo – muscle
Myofascial – muscle-fascial
Neuropathy – a lesion of one or more peripheral nerves
Osteophytes – bone growth
Palpably – by touch
Paresthesia – sensitivity disorder
Paresis – partial loss of movement
Patella – The bone of the knee joint inserted into the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle. (Kneecap)
PCL – posterior cruciate ligament
Peripheral – marginal, farther from the center
Plegia – complete loss of mobility
Posture – body posture
Pronation – Rotation of the forearm or foot towards the body
Protrusion – of the intervertebral disc with disruption of the outer layer
Receptor – a receiver that receives and sends a stimulus from the external and internal environment
Reflex point – a point transmitting a stimulus through a reflex arc
Retinaculum – a tough band of connective tissue
Rigid – immobile
Sacrum – sacrum
Sacroiliac joint (SI) – joint of the sacrum and pelvis
Scapula – shoulder blade
Shaving
Scoliosis – unnatural curvature of the spine
Spasm – a sudden, involuntary contraction of one or more muscles
Stenosis – narrowing
Stereotype – correct engagement of muscle coordination in time sequence
Sternum – breastbone
Supination – Rotation of the forearm or leg away from the body
Suture – sewing
Symptom – manifestation of disease
Syndrome – a set of symptoms
Synovial fluid – joint lubricant; reduces friction and nourishes cartilage
Tender point – painful point on the tendon
Tendinitis – inflammation of the tendon
TEP – surgical joint replacement
Tibia/Fibula – lower leg bones
Tonic muscles – ensure body posture in space
Tonus – muscle tension
Thoracic – chest
Tossi/Rockwood – degree of AC joint dislocation/damage
Traction – pull
Trigger point – painful point on the muscle
Ulna/Radius – bones of the forearm
Valgus – position in the joint to X
Varus – position in the joint in the O position
Vertebra
Vertigo – dizziness, spinning of the head
Wiberg – patella shape classification
Proprioception – position
Hemiparesis – partial paralysis of one half of the body
Paraparesis – paralysis of the lower body
Hemangioma on the spine – a benign tumor
